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he was in failing health

  • 1 failing

    noun (a fault or weakness: He may have his failings, but he has always treated his children well.) defecto, fallo, punto débil
    tr['feɪlɪŋ]
    1 (fault) defecto, fallo; (weakness) punto débil
    1 a falta de
    ■ failing that... si eso no es posible...
    failing ['feɪlɪŋ] n
    : defecto m
    adj.
    • fracaso, -a adj.
    • mortecino, -a adj.
    n.
    • defecto s.m.
    • falta s.f.
    prep.
    • a falta de prep.

    I 'feɪlɪŋ
    noun defecto m

    II

    failing that, try bleach — si eso no resulta, prueba con lejía

    ['feɪlɪŋ]
    1.

    failing that,... — de no ser posible,...

    2.
    N (=flaw) falta f, defecto m
    3.
    ADJ
    * * *

    I ['feɪlɪŋ]
    noun defecto m

    II

    failing that, try bleach — si eso no resulta, prueba con lejía

    English-spanish dictionary > failing

  • 2 fail

    feil
    1. verb
    1) (to be unsuccessful (in); not to manage (to do something): They failed in their attempt; I failed my exam; I failed to post the letter.) fracasar
    2) (to break down or cease to work: The brakes failed.) fallar
    3) (to be insufficient or not enough: His courage failed (him).) fallar, faltar
    4) ((in a test, examination etc) to reject (a candidate): The examiner failed half the class.) suspender
    5) (to disappoint: They did not fail him in their support.) fallar, decepcionar
    •

    2. preposition
    (if (something) fails or is lacking: Failing his help, we shall have to try something else.) a falta de
    - without fail
    fail vb
    1. fracasar
    2. suspender
    tr[feɪl]
    1 SMALLEDUCATION/SMALL suspenso
    1 (let down) fallar, decepcionar; (desert) fallar, faltar
    ■ words fail me no encuentro las palabras, me faltan palabras
    2 SMALLEDUCATION/SMALL suspender
    1 (neglect) dejar de
    2 (not succeed) fracasar, no hacer algo
    3 (crops) fallar, echarse a perder
    5 (light) acabarse, irse apagando
    6 (become weak) debilitarse, fallar
    7 SMALLCOMMERCE/SMALL (become bankrupt) quebrar, fracasar
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    without fail sin falta
    I fail to see... no veo..., no comprendo...
    fail ['feɪl] vi
    1) weaken: fallar, deteriorarse
    2) stop: fallar, detenerse
    his heart failed: le falló el corazón
    3) : fracasar, fallar
    her plan failed: su plan fracasó
    the crops failed: se perdió la cosecha
    4) : quebrar
    a business about to fail: una empresa a punto de quebrar
    5)
    to fail in : faltar a, no cumplir con
    to fail in one's duties: faltar a sus deberes
    fail vt
    1) flunk: reprobar (un examen)
    2) : fallar
    words fail me: las palabras me fallan, no encuentro palabras
    3) disappoint: fallar, decepcionar
    don't fail me!: ¡no me falles!
    fail n
    : fracaso m
    n.
    • falta s.f.
    • suspenso s.m.
    v.
    • abortar v.
    • estropear v.
    • fallar v.
    • fallecer v.
    • faltar v.
    • faltar a sus obligaciones v.
    • fracasar v.
    • frustrar v.
    • incumplir (Jurisprudencia) v.
    • malograr v.
    • marrar v.
    • naufragar v.
    • reprobar v.
    • suspender v.

    I
    1. feɪl
    1)
    a) ( not do)

    to fail to + INF: he failed to live up to our expectations no dio todo lo que se esperaba de él; the engine failed to start el motor no arrancó; you failed to mention the crucial point no mencionaste el punto esencial; it never fails to amaze me how many people... nunca deja de asombrarme cuánta gente...; he failed in his obligations — faltó a or no cumplió sus obligaciones

    b) ( not succeed) \<\<marriage/business\>\> fracasar; \<\<plan\>\> fallar, fracasar
    c) failed past p <businessman/writer> fracasado
    2)
    a) \<\<brakes/lights\>\> fallar
    b) \<\<crop\>\> perderse*, malograrse
    c) failing pres p
    3) ( in exam) ser* reprobado (AmL), suspender (Esp)

    2.
    vt
    1)
    a) \<\<exam\>\> no pasar, ser* reprobado en (AmL), suspender (Esp), reprobar* (Méx), perder* (Col, Ur), salir* mal en (Chi)
    b) \<\<student\>\> reprobar* or (Esp) suspender
    2) ( let down)

    his courage/memory failed him — le faltó valor/le falló la memoria

    you have failed him — le has fallado, lo has decepcionado

    in describing his genius, words fail me — me no encuentro palabras para describir su genio


    II
    1) c (in exam, test) (BrE) reprobado m or (Esp) suspenso m or (RPl) aplazo m
    2) u
    [feɪl]
    1. VI
    1) (=not succeed) [candidate in examination] suspender; [plan] fracasar, no dar resultado; [show, play] fracasar; [business] quebrar; [remedy] fallar, no surtir efecto; [hopes] frustrarse, malograrse

    to fail in one's duty — faltar a su deber, no cumplir con su obligación

    2) [light] irse, apagarse; [crops] perderse; [health, sight, voice] debilitarse; [strength] acabarse; [engine, brakes, mechanism] fallar, averiarse; [water supply] acabarse; [power supply] cortarse, fallar
    2. VT
    1) [+ exam, subject] suspender; [+ candidate] suspender (a)
    2) (=let down) [+ person] fallar (a); [memory, strength] fallar

    don't fail me! — ¡no me falles!, ¡no faltes!

    words fail me! — ¡no encuentro palabras!

    3) (=not succeed)
    4) (=omit, neglect)

    to fail to do sth — no hacer algo, dejar de hacer algo

    5) (=be unable)

    I fail to see why/what etc — no veo or alcanzo a ver por qué/qué etc

    3. N
    1)
    2) (Univ) suspenso m (in en)
    * * *

    I
    1. [feɪl]
    1)
    a) ( not do)

    to fail to + INF: he failed to live up to our expectations no dio todo lo que se esperaba de él; the engine failed to start el motor no arrancó; you failed to mention the crucial point no mencionaste el punto esencial; it never fails to amaze me how many people... nunca deja de asombrarme cuánta gente...; he failed in his obligations — faltó a or no cumplió sus obligaciones

    b) ( not succeed) \<\<marriage/business\>\> fracasar; \<\<plan\>\> fallar, fracasar
    c) failed past p <businessman/writer> fracasado
    2)
    a) \<\<brakes/lights\>\> fallar
    b) \<\<crop\>\> perderse*, malograrse
    c) failing pres p
    3) ( in exam) ser* reprobado (AmL), suspender (Esp)

    2.
    vt
    1)
    a) \<\<exam\>\> no pasar, ser* reprobado en (AmL), suspender (Esp), reprobar* (Méx), perder* (Col, Ur), salir* mal en (Chi)
    b) \<\<student\>\> reprobar* or (Esp) suspender
    2) ( let down)

    his courage/memory failed him — le faltó valor/le falló la memoria

    you have failed him — le has fallado, lo has decepcionado

    in describing his genius, words fail me — me no encuentro palabras para describir su genio


    II
    1) c (in exam, test) (BrE) reprobado m or (Esp) suspenso m or (RPl) aplazo m
    2) u

    English-spanish dictionary > fail

  • 3 Salazar, Antônio de Oliveira

    (1889-1970)
       The Coimbra University professor of finance and economics and one of the founders of the Estado Novo, who came to dominate Western Europe's longest surviving authoritarian system. Salazar was born on 28 April 1889, in Vimieiro, Beira Alta province, the son of a peasant estate manager and a shopkeeper. Most of his first 39 years were spent as a student, and later as a teacher in a secondary school and a professor at Coimbra University's law school. Nine formative years were spent at Viseu's Catholic Seminary (1900-09), preparing for the Catholic priesthood, but the serious, studious Salazar decided to enter Coimbra University instead in 1910, the year the Braganza monarchy was overthrown and replaced by the First Republic. Salazar received some of the highest marks of his generation of students and, in 1918, was awarded a doctoral degree in finance and economics. Pleading inexperience, Salazar rejected an invitation in August 1918 to become finance minister in the "New Republic" government of President Sidónio Pais.
       As a celebrated academic who was deeply involved in Coimbra University politics, publishing works on the troubled finances of the besieged First Republic, and a leader of Catholic organizations, Sala-zar was not as modest, reclusive, or unknown as later official propaganda led the public to believe. In 1921, as a Catholic deputy, he briefly served in the First Republic's turbulent congress (parliament) but resigned shortly after witnessing but one stormy session. Salazar taught at Coimbra University as of 1916, and continued teaching until April 1928. When the military overthrew the First Republic in May 1926, Salazar was offered the Ministry of Finance and held office for several days. The ascetic academic, however, resigned his post when he discovered the degree of disorder in Lisbon's government and when his demands for budget authority were rejected.
       As the military dictatorship failed to reform finances in the following years, Salazar was reinvited to become minister of finances in April 1928. Since his conditions for acceptance—authority over all budget expenditures, among other powers—were accepted, Salazar entered the government. Using the Ministry of Finance as a power base, following several years of successful financial reforms, Salazar was named interim minister of colonies (1930) and soon garnered sufficient prestige and authority to become head of the entire government. In July 1932, Salazar was named prime minister, the first civilian to hold that post since the 1926 military coup.
       Salazar gathered around him a team of largely academic experts in the cabinet during the period 1930-33. His government featured several key policies: Portuguese nationalism, colonialism (rebuilding an empire in shambles), Catholicism, and conservative fiscal management. Salazar's government came to be called the Estado Novo. It went through three basic phases during Salazar's long tenure in office, and Salazar's role underwent changes as well. In the early years (1928-44), Salazar and the Estado Novo enjoyed greater vigor and popularity than later. During the middle years (1944—58), the regime's popularity waned, methods of repression increased and hardened, and Salazar grew more dogmatic in his policies and ways. During the late years (1958-68), the regime experienced its most serious colonial problems, ruling circles—including Salazar—aged and increasingly failed, and opposition burgeoned and grew bolder.
       Salazar's plans for stabilizing the economy and strengthening social and financial programs were shaken with the impact of the civil war (1936-39) in neighboring Spain. Salazar strongly supported General Francisco Franco's Nationalist rebels, the eventual victors in the war. But, as the civil war ended and World War II began in September 1939, Salazar's domestic plans had to be adjusted. As Salazar came to monopolize Lisbon's power and authority—indeed to embody the Estado Novo itself—during crises that threatened the future of the regime, he assumed ever more key cabinet posts. At various times between 1936 and 1944, he took over the Ministries of Foreign Affairs and of War (Defense), until the crises passed. At the end of the exhausting period of World War II, there were rumors that the former professor would resign from government and return to Coimbra University, but Salazar continued as the increasingly isolated, dominating "recluse of São Bento," that part of the parliament's buildings housing the prime minister's offices and residence.
       Salazar dominated the Estado Novo's government in several ways: in day-to-day governance, although this diminished as he delegated wider powers to others after 1944, and in long-range policy decisions, as well as in the spirit and image of the system. He also launched and dominated the single party, the União Nacional. A lifelong bachelor who had once stated that he could not leave for Lisbon because he had to care for his aged mother, Salazar never married, but lived with a beloved housekeeper from his Coimbra years and two adopted daughters. During his 36-year tenure as prime minister, Salazar engineered the important cabinet reshuffles that reflect the history of the Estado Novo and of Portugal.
       A number of times, in connection with significant events, Salazar decided on important cabinet officer changes: 11 April 1933 (the adoption of the Estado Novo's new 1933 Constitution); 18 January 1936 (the approach of civil war in Spain and the growing threat of international intervention in Iberian affairs during the unstable Second Spanish Republic of 1931-36); 4 September 1944 (the Allied invasion of Europe at Normandy and the increasing likelihood of a defeat of the Fascists by the Allies, which included the Soviet Union); 14 August 1958 (increased domestic dissent and opposition following the May-June 1958 presidential elections in which oppositionist and former regime stalwart-loyalist General Humberto Delgado garnered at least 25 percent of the national vote, but lost to regime candidate, Admiral Américo Tomás); 13 April 1961 (following the shock of anticolonial African insurgency in Portugal's colony of Angola in January-February 1961, the oppositionist hijacking of a Portuguese ocean liner off South America by Henrique Galvão, and an abortive military coup that failed to oust Salazar from office); and 19 August 1968 (the aging of key leaders in the government, including the now gravely ill Salazar, and the defection of key younger followers).
       In response to the 1961 crisis in Africa and to threats to Portuguese India from the Indian government, Salazar assumed the post of minister of defense (April 1961-December 1962). The failing leader, whose true state of health was kept from the public for as long as possible, appointed a group of younger cabinet officers in the 1960s, but no likely successors were groomed to take his place. Two of the older generation, Teotónio Pereira, who was in bad health, and Marcello Caetano, who preferred to remain at the University of Lisbon or in private law practice, remained in the political wilderness.
       As the colonial wars in three African territories grew more costly, Salazar became more isolated from reality. On 3 August 1968, while resting at his summer residence, the Fortress of São João do Estoril outside Lisbon, a deck chair collapsed beneath Salazar and his head struck the hard floor. Some weeks later, as a result, Salazar was incapacitated by a stroke and cerebral hemorrhage, was hospitalized, and became an invalid. While hesitating to fill the power vacuum that had unexpectedly appeared, President Tomás finally replaced Salazar as prime minister on 27 September 1968, with his former protégé and colleague, Marcello Caetano. Salazar was not informed that he no longer headed the government, but he never recovered his health. On 27 July 1970, Salazar died in Lisbon and was buried at Santa Comba Dão, Vimieiro, his village and place of birth.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Salazar, Antônio de Oliveira

  • 4 Davenport, Thomas

    SUBJECT AREA: Electricity
    [br]
    b. 9 July 1802 Williamstown, Vermont, USA
    d. 6 July 1851 Salisbury, Vermont, USA
    [br]
    American craftsman and inventor who constructed the first rotating electrical machines in the United States.
    [br]
    When he was 14 years old Davenport was apprenticed to a blacksmith for seven years. At the close of his apprenticeship in 1823 he opened a blacksmith's shop in Brandon, Vermont. He began experimenting with electromagnets after observing one in use at the Penfield Iron Works at Crown Point, New York, in 1831. He saw the device as a possible source of power and by July 1834 had constructed his first electric motor. Having totally abandoned his regular business, Davenport built and exhibited a number of miniature machines; he utilized an electric motor to propel a model car around a circular track in 1836, and this became the first recorded instance of an electric railway. An application for a patent and a model were destroyed in a fire at the United States Patent Office in December 1836, but a second application was made and Davenport received a patent the following year for Improvements in Propelling Machinery by Magnetism and Electromagnetism. A British patent was also obtained. A workshop and laboratory were established in New York, but Davenport had little financial backing for his experiments. He built a total of over one hundred motors but was defeated by the inability to obtain an inexpensive source of power. Using an electric motor of his own design to operate a printing press in 1840, he undertook the publication of a journal, The Electromagnet and Mechanics' Intelligencer. This was the first American periodical on electricity, but it was discontinued after a few issues. In failing health he retired to Vermont where in the last year of his life he continued experiments in electromagnetism.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1837, US patent no. 132, "Improvements in Propelling Machinery by Magnetism and Electromagnetism".
    6 June 1837 British patent no. 7,386.
    Further Reading
    F.L.Pope, 1891, "Inventors of the electric motor with special reference to the work of Thomas Davenport", Electrical Engineer, 11:1–5, 33–9, 65–71, 93–8, 125–30 (the most comprehensive account).
    Annals of Electricity (1838) 2:257–64 (provides a description of Davenport's motor).
    W.J.King, 1962, The Development of Electrical Technology in the 19th Century, Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, Paper 28, pp. 263–4 (a short account).
    GW

    Biographical history of technology > Davenport, Thomas

  • 5 Strowger, Almon Brown

    SUBJECT AREA: Telecommunications
    [br]
    b. 19 October 1839 Penfield, New York, USA
    d. 26 May 1902 St Petersburg, Florida, USA
    [br]
    American soldier, teacher and undertaker who developed the first commercially successful automatic telephone-switching system.
    [br]
    Enlisting in the 8th New York Cavalry on his twenty-second birthday at the beginning of the American Civil War, Strowger reached the rank of Second Lieutenant. After the war he taught in a number of schools, including that where he had been a pupil, then bought an undertaking business in North Topeka, Kansas. After the death of his wife, he remarried and moved the business to Kansas City.
    In 1887, suspecting that the local telephone operator was diverting his potential clients to a rival, he devised a cardboard mock-up of an automatic switching mechanism comprising ten layers of ten contacts, in which electromagnets would be used to lift and rotate the contact wiper arm and thus connect the caller to any one of 100 telephone destinations. Two years later he filed a patent for a 1,000-line automatic exchange.
    With the help of his nephew he made a 100line working demonstration and eventually, with the aid of financial backers, the Strowger Automatic Exchange Company was established on 30 October 1891; its first exchange was installed in La Porte, Indiana, in 1892. By the end of 1896 Strowger exchanges had been established in a number of other towns. That year the Strowger engineers introduced the dial system to replace the confusing push-button mechanism, an innovation that was to survive until relatively recently, and the following year saw development of a "trunking" system. In failing health, Strowger retired to Florida, but the company flourished and eventually became part of General Telephones and Electronics (GTE).
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Strowger's pioneering development was commemorated in 1949 by the telephone industry placing a bronze plaque on his grave in St Petersburg, Florida.
    Bibliography
    12 March 1889, US patent no. 447, 918.
    Further Reading
    R.J.Chaphuis, 1982, 100 Years of Telephone Switching 1878–1978. Part I: Manual and Electromechanical Switching 1878–1960.
    KF

    Biographical history of technology > Strowger, Almon Brown

  • 6 Stuart, Herbert Akroyd

    [br]
    b. 1864 Halifax, England
    d. 1927 Perth, Australia
    [br]
    English inventor of an oil internal-combustion engine.
    [br]
    Stuart's involvement with engines covered a period of less than ten years and was concerned with a means of vaporizing the heavier oils for use in the so-called oil engines. Leaving his native Yorkshire for Bletchley in Buckinghamshire, Stuart worked in his father's business, the Bletchley Iron and Tin Plate works. After finishing grammar school, he worked as an assistant in the Mechanical Engineering Department of the City and Guilds of London Technical College. He also formed a connection with the Finsbury Technical College, where he became acquainted with Professor William Robinson, a distinguished engineer eminent in the field of internal-combustion engines.
    Resuming work at Bletchley, Stuart carried out experiments with engines. His first patent was concerned with new methods of vaporizing the fuel, scavenging systems and improvement of speed control. Two further patents, in 1890, specified substantial improvements and formed the basis of later engine designs. In 1891 Stuart joined forces with R.Hornsby and Sons of Grantham, a firm founded in 1815 for the manufacture of machinery and steam engines. Hornsby acquired all rights to Stuart's engine patents, and their superior technical resources ensured substantial improvements to Stuart's early design. The Hornsby-Ackroyd engines, introduced in 1892, were highly successful and found wide acceptance, particularly in agriculture. With failing health, Stuart's interest in his engine work declined, and in 1899 he emigrated to Australia, where in 1903 he became a partner in importing gas engines and gas-producing plants. Following his death in 1927, under the terms of his will he was interred in England; sadly, he also requested that all papers and materials pertaining to his engines be destroyed.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    July 1886, British patent no. 9,866 (fuel vapourization methods, scavenging systems and improvement of speed control; the patent describes Stuart as Mechanical Engineer of Bletchley Iron Works).
    1890, British patent no. 7,146 and British patent no. 15,994 (describe a vaporizing chamber connected to the working cylinder by a small throat).
    Further Reading
    D.Clerk, 1895, The Gas and Oil Engine, 6th edn, London, pp. 420–6 (provides a detailed description of the Hornsby-Ackroyd engine and includes details of an engine test).
    T.Hornbuckle and A.K.Bruce, 1940, Herbert Akroyd Stuart and the Development of the Heavy Oil Engine, London: Diesel Engine Users'Association, p. 1.
    KAB

    Biographical history of technology > Stuart, Herbert Akroyd

  • 7 fail

    1. intransitive verb
    1) (not succeed) scheitern (in mit)

    fail in one's duty — seine Pflicht versäumen

    fail as a human being/a doctor — als Mensch/Arzt versagen

    2) (miscarry, come to nothing) scheitern; fehlschlagen

    if all else fails — wenn alle Stricke od. Stränge reißen (ugs.)

    3) (become bankrupt) Bankrott machen
    4) (in examination) nicht bestehen (in Akk.)
    5) (become weaker) [Augenlicht, Gehör, Gedächtnis, Stärke:] nachlassen; [Mut:] sinken
    6) (break down, stop) [Versorgung:] zusammenbrechen; [Motor, Radio:] aussetzen; [Generator, Batterie, Pumpe:] ausfallen; [Bremse, Herz:] versagen
    7) [Ernte:] schlecht ausfallen
    2. transitive verb
    1)

    fail to do something — (not succeed in doing) etwas nicht tun [können]

    fail to achieve one's purpose/aim — seine Absicht/sein Ziel verfehlen

    2) (be unsuccessful in) nicht bestehen [Prüfung]
    3) (reject) durchfallen lassen (ugs.) [Prüfling]
    4)

    fail to do something — (not do) etwas nicht tun; (neglect to do) [es] versäumen, etwas zu tun

    I fail to see why... — ich sehe nicht ein, warum...

    5) (not suffice for) im Stich lassen
    3. noun

    without fail — auf jeden Fall; garantiert

    * * *
    [feil] 1. verb
    1) (to be unsuccessful (in); not to manage( to do something): They failed in their attempt; I failed my exam; I failed to post the letter.) versagen, versäumen
    2) (to break down or cease to work: The brakes failed.) versagen
    3) (to be insufficient or not enough: His courage failed (him).) verlassen
    4) ((in a test, examination etc) to reject (a candidate): The examiner failed half the class.) durchfallen (lassen)
    5) (to disappoint: They did not fail him in their support.) im Stich lassen
    •
    - academic.ru/26215/failing">failing
    2. preposition
    (if (something) fails or is lacking: Failing his help, we shall have to try something else.) in Ermangelung
    - failure
    - without fail
    * * *
    [feɪl]
    I. vi
    1. (not succeed) person versagen, scheitern; attempt, plan scheitern, fehlschlagen, missglücken
    I tried to persuade him to come, but I \failed ich habe versucht, ihn zum Kommen zu überreden, aber ich habe es nicht geschafft
    this method never \fails diese Methode funktioniert immer
    we \failed in our efforts to find a compromise wir haben uns vergeblich um einen Kompromiss bemüht
    he \failed to convince the jury es ist ihm nicht gelungen, die Jury zu überzeugen
    to \fail completely [or utterly] [or miserably] kläglich scheitern
    to be doomed to \fail zum Scheitern verurteilt sein
    if all else \fails zur Not, wenn alle Stricke reißen fam
    ▪ to \fail to do sth versäumen, etw zu tun
    she \failed to arrive on time sie kam nicht pünktlich
    to \fail in one's duty [to sb] seiner Pflicht [jdm gegenüber] nicht nachkommen
    to \fail to attend a meeting an einem Treffen nicht teilnehmen
    to \fail to appreciate sth etw nicht zu schätzen wissen
    3. (not be able to do) nicht umhin können geh
    you couldn't \fail to be impressed by their efficiency man war unweigerlich von ihrer Effizienz beeindruckt
    they surely can't \fail to notice that... es kann ihnen nicht entgangen sein, dass...
    this trick never \fails to amuse the children dieser Trick bringt die Kinder immer zum Lachen
    I \fail to see [or understand] what/why/how... ich verstehe nicht, was/warum/wie...
    4. SCH, UNIV durchfallen
    to \fail on a subject in einem Fach durchfallen
    to \fail dismally mit Pauken und Trompeten durchfallen fam
    5. TECH, TRANSP (stop working) brakes versagen; generator, pump ausfallen
    6. (become weaker, stop) nachlassen; health schwächer werden; heart, voice versagen
    my courage \failed der Mut verließ mich
    to be \failing fast im Sterben liegen
    7. (go bankrupt) bankrottgehen
    8. AGR harvest, yield ausfallen
    II. vt
    1. (not pass)
    to \fail a course/subject einen Kurs/ein Fach nicht bestehen
    to \fail an exam/a test bei einer Prüfung/einem Test durchfallen
    to \fail an interview bei einem Bewerbungsgespräch versagen
    to \fail one's driving test bei der Fahrprüfung durchfallen
    2. (give failing grade)
    ▪ to \fail sb candidate jdn durchfallen lassen
    ▪ to \fail sb jdn im Stich lassen [o fam hängenlassen]
    my courage \failed me mich verließ der Mut
    words \fail me mir fehlen die Worte
    III. n negative Prüfungsarbeit
    John got four \fails in his exams John ist bei seinen Prüfungen in vier Fächern durchgefallen
    is this one a pass or a \fail? hat dieser Kandidat bestanden oder ist er durchgefallen?
    ▶ without \fail auf jeden Fall, ganz sicher
    * * *
    [feɪl]
    1. vi
    1) (= be unsuccessful) keinen Erfolg haben; (in mission, life etc) versagen, scheitern; (campaign, efforts, negotiations, plan, experiment, marriage) fehlschlagen, scheitern; (undertaking, attempt) fehlschlagen, misslingen, missglücken; (applicant, application) nicht angenommen werden; (election candidate, THEAT play) durchfallen; (business) eingehen; (charm, attempts at persuasion etc) vergeblich or umsonst sein

    he failed in his attempt to take control of the company — sein Versuch, die Leitung der Firma zu übernehmen, schlug fehl or blieb erfolglos or missglückte

    to fail by 5 votes (motion) — mit 5 Stimmen Mehrheit abgelehnt werden; (person) um 5 Stimmen geschlagen werden

    2) (= not pass exam) durchfallen
    3)

    (= fall short) where he/the essay fails is in not being detailed enough — sein Fehler/der Fehler des Aufsatzes ist, dass er nicht ausführlich genug ist

    this report fails in that it comes up with no clear proposals —

    4) (= grow feeble health) sich verschlechtern; (hearing, eyesight) nachlassen; (invalid) schwächer werden
    5) (= stop working, be cut off etc generator, battery, radio, electricity, pump, engine) ausfallen; (brakes) versagen; (supply, wind) ausbleiben; (heart etc) versagen, aussetzen

    the crops failed — es gab ein Missernte; (completely) die Ernte fiel aus

    2. vt
    1) candidate durchfallen lassen; subject durchfallen in (+dat)

    to fail an exam — eine Prüfung nicht bestehen, durch eine Prüfung fallen

    2) (= let down person, memory) im Stich lassen; (= not live up to sb's expectations) enttäuschen
    3)

    I fail to see why — es ist mir völlig unklar, warum; (indignantly) ich sehe gar nicht ein, warum

    I failed to understand how/what... — ich konnte nicht verstehen, wie/was...

    3. n
    1)

    without fail — ganz bestimmt, auf jeden Fall

    2)

    (= failed candidate, exam) there were ten fails — zehn sind durchgefallen or durchgerasselt (inf)

    * * *
    fail [feıl]
    A v/i
    1. ermangeln (of, in gen):
    he fails in perseverance es fehlt oder mangelt ihm an Ausdauer
    2. nachlassen, schwinden (Kräfte etc), ausbleiben, versiegen (Quellen etc):
    our supplies failed unsere Vorräte gingen aus oder zu Ende
    3. missraten (Ernte), nicht aufgehen (Saat)
    4. abnehmen, schwächer werden:
    his eyesight failed seine Sehkraft ließ nach
    5. versagen:
    6. fehlschlagen, scheitern, misslingen, seinen Zweck verfehlen, Misserfolg haben, Schiffbruch erleiden, es nicht fertigbringen ( to do zu tun):
    he (the plan) failed er (der Plan) scheiterte;
    if everything else fails wenn alle Stricke reißen umg;
    it never fails das wirkt immer;
    he failed in all his attempts alle seine Versuche schlugen fehl;
    the prophecy failed die Prophezeiung traf nicht ein;
    I fail to see ich sehe nicht ein; I tried to do it, but I failed aber es gelang mir nicht
    7. fail to do sth es versäumen oder unterlassen, etwas zu tun:
    he failed to come er kam nicht;
    he never fails to come er kommt immer;
    don’t fail to come komme ja oder ganz bestimmt;
    he cannot fail to win er muss einfach gewinnen;
    he fails in his duty er vernachlässigt seine Pflicht
    8. fehlgehen, irren:
    fail in one’s hopes sich in seinen Hoffnungen täuschen
    9. WIRTSCH Bankrott machen oder gehen, in Konkurs geraten oder gehen
    10. SCHULE durchfallen ( in an examination in einer Prüfung)
    B v/t
    1. jemandem versagen:
    his courage failed him ihn verließ der Mut;
    words fail me mir fehlen die Worte (to inf um zu inf)
    2. a) jemanden im Stich lassen, enttäuschen
    b) jemanden verlassen (Glück):
    his luck failed him das Glück verließ ihn
    3. SCHULE
    a) jemanden durchfallen lassen (in in einer Prüfung etc)
    b) in einer Prüfung etc durchfallen:
    C s
    1. he got a fail in biology SCHULE er ist in Biologie durchgefallen
    2. without fail mit Sicherheit, ganz bestimmt
    * * *
    1. intransitive verb
    1) (not succeed) scheitern (in mit)

    fail as a human being/a doctor — als Mensch/Arzt versagen

    2) (miscarry, come to nothing) scheitern; fehlschlagen

    if all else fails — wenn alle Stricke od. Stränge reißen (ugs.)

    3) (become bankrupt) Bankrott machen
    4) (in examination) nicht bestehen (in Akk.)
    5) (become weaker) [Augenlicht, Gehör, Gedächtnis, Stärke:] nachlassen; [Mut:] sinken
    6) (break down, stop) [Versorgung:] zusammenbrechen; [Motor, Radio:] aussetzen; [Generator, Batterie, Pumpe:] ausfallen; [Bremse, Herz:] versagen
    7) [Ernte:] schlecht ausfallen
    2. transitive verb
    1)

    fail to do something — (not succeed in doing) etwas nicht tun [können]

    fail to achieve one's purpose/aim — seine Absicht/sein Ziel verfehlen

    2) (be unsuccessful in) nicht bestehen [Prüfung]
    3) (reject) durchfallen lassen (ugs.) [Prüfling]
    4)

    fail to do something — (not do) etwas nicht tun; (neglect to do) [es] versäumen, etwas zu tun

    I fail to see why... — ich sehe nicht ein, warum...

    5) (not suffice for) im Stich lassen
    3. noun

    without fail — auf jeden Fall; garantiert

    * * *
    (exam) v.
    durchfallen v. v.
    fehlschlagen v.
    misslingen v.
    scheitern v.
    versagen v.

    English-german dictionary > fail

  • 8 fail

    1. I
    1) I tried to convince him but failed я пытался убедить его, но мне это не удалось; he tried to learn to sing but failed он пытался научиться петь, но из этого ничего не вышло; the attempt failed попытка сорвалась; the crops failed because of the hot summer and so did the water-supplies из-за жаркого лета был неурожай и нарушилось водоснабжение; I failed a) я провалился (на экзамене), б) у меня ничего не вышло, я потерпел фиаско
    2) he is very old and is failing он очень стар и совсем сдает; his heart is failing у него сердце отказывает; his eyesight was beginning to fail он начал терять, зрение
    3) the wind failed ветер стих /прекратился; with his death their family line failed с его смертью их род прекратил свое существование
    2. II
    1) fail at some time the potato crop has failed this year в этом году картофель не уродился; all our plans failed last summer прошлым летом все наши планы сорвались /провалились/; he was sure that he would not fail this time он был уверен, что на этот раз он добьется своего /все получится/
    2) fail in same manner fail quickly (utterly, partially, etc.) быстро и т.д. слабеть или ухудшаться; the patient is failing rapidly больней быстро угасает; his health has failed sadly его здоровье сильно пошатнулось
    3. III
    fail smb.
    1) I will never fail you я вас никогда не подведу; his courage failed him мужество оставило /покинуло/ его; words fail me у меня нет /я не нахожу/ слов; his heart failed him а) у него упало /оборвалось/ сердце; б) у него с сердцем стало плохо; в) у него сердце перестало биться; her nerves failed her у нее сдали нервы
    2) smb.'s health (smb.'s sight, smb.'s hearing, etc.) fails smb. у кого-л. ухудшается здоровье и т.д.
    3) fail the best pupil (half the candidates, etc.) проваливать лучшего ученика и т.д. (на экзаменах)
    4. IV
    fail smb. in some manner fail smb. utterly (inadvertently, etc.) очень a т.д. подводить кого-л.
    5. XIII
    fail to do with. fail to come /to turn up/ (to keep one's word/ to keep one's promise/, to attain smth., to get the tickets, to read the book, etc.) не [суметь или забыть] прийти и т.д.; he failed to pass the examination oil не сдал/ему не удалось сдать/ экзамен; he failed to see the difference он никак не мог увидеть /понять/ разницы; she could not fail to see me она не могла меня не заметить; I fail to see your meaning я вас не понимаю; я не понимаю, что вы хотите сказать; don't fail to let me know when you return обязательно сообщите /не забудьте сообщить/ мне, когда вы вернетесь
    6. XVI
    1) fail in smth. fail in an examination (in a subject, in mathematics, in French, etc.) провалиться на экзамене и т.д.; fail in business (in an attempt, in one's efforts, etc.) потерпеть неудачу в делах и т.д.; having failed in the object of his visit не достигнув цели своего визита; fail at some time me firm (his factory, the bank, etc.) failed during tile depression эта фирма и т.д. обанкротилась во время кризиса
    2) fail in smth. he has been failing in health for the last two months в последние два месяца его здоровье пошатнулось /ухудшилось/
    3) fail in smth. he fails in truthfulness (in the respect due to elders, in diligence, etc.) ему недостает правдивости и т.д.; this novel fails in unity этому роману недостает единства
    7. XVII
    fail in ( during, while, etc.) doing smth. fail in getting a job (in attaining a goal, etc.) не суметь найти работу и т.д.; he failed in doing it он не смог этого сделать, ему это не удалось, он потерпел неудачу в этом деле
    8. XXI1
    fail smb. at some time fail smb. at the last moment подводить кого-л. в последнюю минуту

    English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > fail

  • 9 fail

    I [feɪl]
    1) (in an examination) bocciatura f.; (mark) insufficienza f.
    2) without fail [arrive, do] certamente, sicuramente; [ happen] a colpo sicuro, immancabilmente
    II 1. [feɪl]
    1) essere bocciato a, non passare [exam, driving test]; essere bocciato in [ subject]; bocciare, respingere [candidate, pupil]

    to fail to mention that... — dimenticare di dire che

    4) (let down) abbandonare [ friend]; venir meno agli impegni presi nei confronti di [person, nation]; [ courage] venir meno a, abbandonare [ person]; [ memory] tradire [ person]
    2.
    1) (be unsuccessful) [ exam candidate] essere bocciato, respinto; [attempt, plan] fallire
    2) (weaken) [ eyesight] abbassarsi, indebolirsi; [ health] peggiorare; [ person] deperire; [ light] abbassarsi, smorzarsi
    3) (not function) [ brakes] guastarsi; [ engine] fermarsi, guastarsi; [ power] mancare, essere interrotto; [ water supply] mancare
    4) agr. [ crop] essere scarso
    5) (go bankrupt) fallire
    6) med. [ heart] arrestarsi
    * * *
    [feil] 1. verb
    1) (to be unsuccessful (in); not to manage (to do something): They failed in their attempt; I failed my exam; I failed to post the letter.) fallire, non riuscire
    2) (to break down or cease to work: The brakes failed.) guastarsi
    3) (to be insufficient or not enough: His courage failed (him).) venire meno
    4) ((in a test, examination etc) to reject (a candidate): The examiner failed half the class.) bocciare
    5) (to disappoint: They did not fail him in their support.) mancare
    •
    2. preposition
    (if (something) fails or is lacking: Failing his help, we shall have to try something else.) in mancanza di
    - without fail
    * * *
    fail /feɪl/
    n.
    1 bocciatura: a fail in French, una bocciatura in francese
    2 [u] fallo: without fail, senza fallo; certamente
    ● (tecn.) fail-safe, (agg.) di sicurezza; a prova d'errore (o di guasto); fail-safe; (sost.) misura di sicurezza, misura o piano di riserva: fail-safe device, dispositivo ausiliario di sicurezza; dispositivo fail-safe.
    ♦ (to) fail /feɪl/
    A v. i.
    1 fallire; andare a vuoto; fare fiasco: to fail in an attempt, fallire in un tentativo; to fail abysmally, fallire clamorosamente; Our plan failed, il nostro piano è fallito (o è stato un fiasco); The wheat crop failed, il raccolto del grano è andato perduto
    2 non riuscire: to fail to reach an agreement, non riuscire ad accordarsi; Our team failed to score, la nostra squadra non è riuscita a segnare; He failed to be admitted, non è stato ammesso; I fail to understand why you quit your job, non capisco (o non riesco a capire) perché tu ti sia licenziato; No one can fail to notice that…, non si può non notare che…
    3 (+ inf.) trascurare; omettere; mancare; non…: He failed to warn us, trascurò di avvertirci; non ci ha avvertiti; Don't fail to inform us, non mancare di informarci; John failed to turn up, John non si fece vedere; The letter failed to arrive, la letterà non arrivò; You failed to stop at the lights, non ti sei fermato al semaforo; It never fails to irritate me, non manca mai di (o riesce sempre a) irritarmi
    4 essere respinto (o bocciato): Many candidates failed, molti candidati sono stati respinti; DIALOGO → - Discussing university- If I fail the exams I might get kicked out of college, se non passo gli esami potrei essere espulso dall'università
    5 – to fail in, mancare a; venir meno a: to fail in one's duty, mancare (o venir meno) al proprio dovere
    6 – to fail in, essere privo di; mancare di: to fail in imagination, essere privo di fantasia
    7 diminuire; scemare; esaurirsi; venir meno; indebolirsi; affievolirsi: Light was failing, la luce stava scemando; Our supplies are failing, le nostre scorte si stanno esaurendo; to be failing fast, esaurirsi in fretta; (rif. a salute) essere sempre più debole, peggiorare velocemente
    8 (mecc.) smettere di funzionare; rompersi; guastarsi; andare in panne; fermarsi: The engine has failed, s'è guastato il motore
    9 (fin., leg.) fallire
    B v. t.
    1 respingere; bocciare: I had to fail him, ho dovuto bocciarlo
    2 non superare ( un esame); essere respinto (o bocciato) in: to fail one's driving test, non superare l'esame di guida; I failed maths, sono stato bocciato (o mi hanno bocciato) in matematica
    3 abbandonare (q.); mancare a; venir meno a; voltare le spalle a; tradire (le aspettative di): His courage failed him, gli è mancato il coraggio; Words fail me, non ho parole; mi mancano le parole; non so cosa dire; I won't fail you, non verrò meno alla tua fiducia; non ti deluderò; non ti abbandonerò
    ● if all else fails, in mancanza d'altro; alla peggio.
    NOTA D'USO: - to fail to do o to fail doing?-
    * * *
    I [feɪl]
    1) (in an examination) bocciatura f.; (mark) insufficienza f.
    2) without fail [arrive, do] certamente, sicuramente; [ happen] a colpo sicuro, immancabilmente
    II 1. [feɪl]
    1) essere bocciato a, non passare [exam, driving test]; essere bocciato in [ subject]; bocciare, respingere [candidate, pupil]

    to fail to mention that... — dimenticare di dire che

    4) (let down) abbandonare [ friend]; venir meno agli impegni presi nei confronti di [person, nation]; [ courage] venir meno a, abbandonare [ person]; [ memory] tradire [ person]
    2.
    1) (be unsuccessful) [ exam candidate] essere bocciato, respinto; [attempt, plan] fallire
    2) (weaken) [ eyesight] abbassarsi, indebolirsi; [ health] peggiorare; [ person] deperire; [ light] abbassarsi, smorzarsi
    3) (not function) [ brakes] guastarsi; [ engine] fermarsi, guastarsi; [ power] mancare, essere interrotto; [ water supply] mancare
    4) agr. [ crop] essere scarso
    5) (go bankrupt) fallire
    6) med. [ heart] arrestarsi

    English-Italian dictionary > fail

  • 10 fail

    fail [feɪl]
       a. ( = be unsuccessful) échouer ; [business] faire faillite
    • to fail in an exam/in Latin échouer à un examen/en latin
       b. ( = grow weak) [hearing, health] décliner ; [eyesight] baisser ; [invalid, voice] s'affaiblir
       c. ( = run short) manquer
       d. ( = break down) [engine] tomber en panne ; [brakes] lâcher
       a. [+ examination] échouer à
       b. [+ candidate] recaler (inf)
       c. ( = let down) [+ business partner] manquer à ses engagements envers ; [+ friend] décevoir
    • words fail me! les mots me manquent !
       d. ( = omit) to fail to do manquer de faire
    3. noun
    • without fail [happen] immanquablement ; [come, do] chaque fois
    • every morning without fail, she takes the dog for a walk chaque matin sans exception, elle sort son chien
    * * *
    [feɪl] 1.
    noun School, University échec m
    2.
    without fail adverbial phrase [arrive, do] sans faute; [happen] à coup sûr
    3.
    1) School, University échouer à [exam, driving test]; échouer en or être collé (colloq) en [subject]; coller (colloq) [candidate, pupil]
    2) ( omit)

    to fail to mention that... — omettre de signaler que...

    3) ( be unable)

    one could hardly fail to notice that... — il était évident que...

    4) ( let down) laisser tomber [friend]; manquer à ses engagements envers [dependant, supporter]; [courage] manquer à [person]; [memory] faire défaut à [person]
    4.
    1) ( be unsuccessful) [exam candidate] échouer, être collé (colloq); [attempt, plan] échouer

    to fail in one's duty — manquer or faillir à son devoir

    2) ( weaken) [eyesight, hearing, light] baisser; [health, person] décliner
    3) ( not function) [brakes] lâcher; [engine] tomber en panne; [power, water supply] être coupé
    4) Agriculture [crop] être mauvais
    5) ( go bankrupt) faire faillite
    6) Medicine [heart] lâcher
    5.
    failed past participle adjective [actor, writer] raté (colloq)

    English-French dictionary > fail

  • 11 Bodmer, Johann Georg

    [br]
    b. 9 December 1786 Zurich, Switzerland
    d. 30 May 1864 Zurich, Switzerland
    [br]
    Swiss mechanical engineer and inventor.
    [br]
    John George Bodmer (as he was known in England) showed signs of great inventive ability even as a child. Soon after completing his apprenticeship to a local millwright, he set up his own work-shop at Zussnacht. One of his first inventions, in 1805, was a shell which exploded on impact. Soon after this he went into partnership with Baron d'Eichthal to establish a cotton mill at St Blaise in the Black Forest. Bodmer designed the water-wheels and all the machinery. A few years later they established a factory for firearms and Bodmer designed special machine tools and developed a system of interchangeable manufacture comparable with American developments at that time. More inventions followed, including a detachable bayonet for breech-loading rifles and a rifled, breech-loading cannon for 12 lb (5.4 kg) shells.
    Bodmer was appointed by the Grand Duke of Baden to the posts of Director General of the Government Iron Works and Inspector of Artillery. He left St Blaise in 1816 and entered completely into the service of the Grand Duke, but before taking up his duties he visited Britain for the first time and made an intensive five-month tour of textile mills, iron works, workshops and similar establishments.
    In 1821 he returned to Switzerland and was engaged in setting up cotton mills and other engineering works. In 1824 he went back to England, where he obtained a patent for his improvements in cotton machinery and set up a mill near Bolton incorporating his ideas. His health failing, he was obliged to return to Switzerland in 1828, but he was soon busy with engineering works there and in France. In 1833 he went to England again, first to Bolton and four years later to Manchester in partnership with H.H.Birley. In the next ten years he patented many more inventions in the fields of textile machinery, steam engines and machine tools. These included a balanced steam engine, a mechanical stoker, steam engine valve gear, gear-cutting machines and a circular planer or vertical lathe, anticipating machines of this type later developed in America by E.P. Bullard. The metric system was used in his workshops and in gearing calculations he introduced the concept of diametral pitch, which then became known as "Manchester Pitch". The balanced engine was built in stationary form and in two locomotives, but although their running was remarkably smooth the additional complication prevented their wider use.
    After the death of H.H.Birley in 1846, Bodmer removed to London until 1848, when he went to Austria. About 1860 he returned to his native town of Zurich. He remained actively engaged in all kinds of inventions up to the end of his life. He obtained fourteen British patents, each of which describes many inventions; two of these patents were extended beyond the normal duration of fourteen years. Two others were obtained on his behalf, one by his brother James in 1813 for his cannon and one relating to railways by Charles Fox in 1847. Many of his inventions had little direct influence but anticipated much later developments. His ideas were sound and some of his engines and machine tools were in use for over sixty years. He was elected a Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1835.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1845, "The advantages of working stationary and marine engines with high-pressure steam, expansively and at great velocities; and of the compensating, or double crank system", Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 4:372–99.
    1846, "On the combustion of fuel in furnaces and steam-boilers, with a description of Bodmer's fire-grate", Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 5:362–8.
    Further Reading
    H.W.Dickinson, 1929–30, "Diary of John George Bodmer, 1816–17", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 10:102–14.
    D.Brownlie, 1925–6, John George Bodmer, his life and work, particularly in relation to the evolution of mechanical stoking', Transactions of the Newcomen Society 6:86–110.
    W.O.Henderson (ed.), 1968, Industrial Britain Under the Regency: The Diaries of Escher, Bodmer, May and de Gallois 1814–1818, London: Frank Cass (a more complete account of his visit to Britain).
    RTS

    Biographical history of technology > Bodmer, Johann Georg

  • 12 fail

    [feɪl] vi
    1) ( not succeed) person versagen, scheitern; attempt, plan scheitern, fehlschlagen, missglücken;
    I tried to persuade him to come, but I \failed ich habe versucht, ihn zum Kommen zu überreden, aber ich habe es nicht geschafft;
    this method never \fails diese Methode funktioniert immer;
    we \failed in our efforts to find a compromise wir haben uns vergeblich um einen Kompromiss bemüht;
    he \failed to convince the jury es ist ihm nicht gelungen, die Jury zu überzeugen;
    to \fail completely [or utterly] [or miserably] kläglich scheitern;
    to be doomed to \fail zum Scheitern verurteilt sein;
    if all else \fails zur Not, wenn alle Stricke reißen ( fam)
    2) ( not do)
    to \fail to do sth versäumen, etw zu tun;
    she \failed to arrive on time sie kam nicht pünktlich;
    to \fail in one's duty [to sb] seiner Pflicht [jdm gegenüber] nicht nachkommen;
    to \fail to attend a meeting an einem Treffen nicht teilnehmen;
    to \fail to appreciate sth etw nicht zu schätzen wissen
    3) ( not be able to do) nicht umhin können ( geh)
    you couldn't \fail to be impressed by their efficiency man war unweigerlich von ihrer Effizienz beeindruckt;
    they surely can't \fail to notice that... es kann ihnen nicht entgangen sein, dass...;
    this trick never \fails to amuse the children dieser Trick bringt die Kinder immer zum Lachen;
    I \fail to see [or understand] what/ why/how... ich verstehe nicht, was/warum/wie...
    4) sch, univ durchfallen;
    to \fail on a subject in einem Fach durchfallen;
    to \fail dismally mit Pauken und Trompeten durchfallen ( fam)
    5) tech, transp ( stop working) brakes versagen; generator, pump ausfallen
    6) (become weaker, stop) nachlassen; health schwächer werden; heart, voice versagen;
    my courage \failed der Mut verließ mich;
    to be \failing fast im Sterben liegen
    7) ( go bankrupt) bankrottgehen
    8) agr harvest, yield ausfallen vt
    1) ( not pass)
    to \fail a course/ subject einen Kurs/ein Fach nicht bestehen;
    to \fail an exam/ a test bei einer Prüfung/einem Test durchfallen;
    to \fail an interview bei einem Bewerbungsgespräch versagen;
    to \fail one's driving test bei der Fahrprüfung durchfallen
    to \fail sb candidate jdn durchfallen lassen
    3) ( let down)
    to \fail sb jdn im Stich [o ( fam) hängen] lassen;
    my courage \failed me mich verließ der Mut;
    words \fail me mir fehlen die Worte n negative Prüfungsarbeit;
    John got four \fails in his exams John ist bei seinen Prüfungen in vier Fächern durchgefallen;
    is this one a pass or a \fail? hat dieser Kandidat bestanden oder ist er durchgefallen?
    PHRASES:
    without \fail auf jeden Fall, ganz sicher

    English-German students dictionary > fail

  • 13 failure

    noun
    1) (omission, neglect) Versäumnis, das

    failure to do something — das Versäumnis, etwas zu tun

    2) (lack of success) Scheitern, das
    3) (unsuccessful person or thing) Versager, der

    the party/play was a failure — das Fest/Stück war ein Misserfolg

    our plan/attempt was a failure — unser Plan/Versuch war fehlgeschlagen

    4) (of supply) Zusammenbruch, der; (of engine, generator) Ausfall, der

    signal/engine failure — Ausfall des Signals/des Motors

    power failure — Stromausfall, der

    crop failure — Missernte, die

    5) (bankruptcy) Zusammenbruch, der
    * * *
    [-jə]
    1) (the state or act of failing: She was upset by her failure in the exam; failure of the electricity supply.) das Versagen
    2) (an unsuccessful person or thing: He felt he was a failure.) der Versager
    3) (inability, refusal etc to do something: his failure to reply.) das Versäumnis
    * * *
    fail·ure
    [ˈfeɪljəʳ, AM -ɚ]
    n
    1. no pl (lack of success) Scheitern nt, Versagen nt
    the thought of \failure der Gedanke, versagen zu können
    \failure rate Durchfallquote f
    to be doomed to \failure zum Scheitern verurteilt sein
    to end in \failure scheitern
    commercial \failure kommerzieller Misserfolg, kommerzielle Pleite
    3. (unsuccessful thing) Misserfolg m
    to be an utter \failure ein totaler Reinfall [o fam Flop] sein m; person Versager(in) m(f)
    I'm a bit of a \failure at making cakes ich bin im Kuchenbacken nicht besonders geschickt
    4. no pl (omission) Unterlassung f
    \failure to pay a bill COMM Nichtbezahlen nt einer Rechnung
    \failure to report an accident is a criminal offence es ist ein Vergehen, einen Unfall nicht zu melden
    5. TECH, ELEC (breakdown) Versagen nt kein pl
    \failure of brakes Bremsversagen nt
    \failure of the engine/system Ausfall m des Motors/Systems; ANAT
    heart/liver/kidney [or renal] \failure Herz-/Leber-/Nierenversagen nt
    electrical \failure Kurzschluss m
    business [or company] /bank \failure Bankrott m einer Firma/Bank
    7. AGR
    crop \failure Missernte f
    * * *
    ['feɪljə(r)]
    n
    1) (= lack of success) Misserfolg m; (of campaign, efforts, negotiations, plan, experiment, marriage) Fehlschlag m, Scheitern nt; (of undertaking, attempt) Fehlschlag m; (of application) Ablehnung f; (in exam, THEAT of play) Misserfolg m, Durchfall m; (of business) Eingehen nt

    failure to do sth — vergeblicher Versuch, etw zu tun

    failure rate (in exams) — Misserfolgsquote f; (of machine) Fehlerquote f

    2) (= unsuccessful person) Versager(in) m(f), Niete f (inf) (at in +dat); (= unsuccessful thing) Misserfolg m, Reinfall m (inf), Pleite f (inf)

    I'm a bit of a failure at making my own clothes — ich bin eine ziemliche Niete, wenn es darum geht, meine eigenen Kleider zu nähen (inf)

    3)

    (= omission, neglect) because of his failure to reply/act —

    his failure to notice anything — weil er nichts bemerkt hat

    failure to pay will result in prosecution — im Nichteinbringungsfall erfolgt Anzeige (form)

    4) (of health) Verschlechterung f; (of hearing, eyesight) Nachlassen nt; (of invalid) Nachlassen nt der Kräfte
    5) (= breakdown of generator, engine, electricity, pump, engine) Ausfall m; (of brakes) Versagen nt; (of supply, wind) Ausbleiben nt

    heart/kidney/liver failure — Herz-/Nieren-/Leberversagen nt

    failure of crops — Missernte f; (complete) Ernteausfall m

    * * *
    failure [ˈfeıljə(r)] s
    1. Fehlen n, Nichtvorhandensein n
    2. Ausbleiben n, Versagen n, Versiegen n
    3. Unterlassung f, Versäumnis n:
    failure to comply with instructions Nichtbefolgung f von Vorschriften;
    failure to pay Nichtzahlung f;
    his failure to report die Tatsache, dass er keinen Bericht erstattete oder dass er es unterließ, Bericht zu erstatten; → academic.ru/54588/performance">performance 7
    4. Ausbleiben n, Nichteintreten n (eines Ereignisses)
    5. Fehlschlag(en) m(n), Misslingen n, Misserfolg m, Scheitern n:
    failure of crops Missernte f
    6. Nachlassen n (der Kräfte etc)
    7. MED Versagen n, Störung f (der Herztätigkeit etc)
    8. TECH Versagen n, Störung f, Defekt m
    9. fig Schiffbruch m, Zusammenbruch m:
    10. WIRTSCH Bankrott m, Konkurs m
    11. Versager m (Person oder Sache), verkrachte Existenz (Person), Reinfall m (Sache), SPORT Ausfall m:
    he was a complete failure er war ein Totalausfall
    12. SCHULE Durchfallen n (in in einer Prüfung):
    failure rate Durchfallquote f
    * * *
    noun
    1) (omission, neglect) Versäumnis, das

    failure to do something — das Versäumnis, etwas zu tun

    2) (lack of success) Scheitern, das
    3) (unsuccessful person or thing) Versager, der

    the party/play was a failure — das Fest/Stück war ein Misserfolg

    our plan/attempt was a failure — unser Plan/Versuch war fehlgeschlagen

    4) (of supply) Zusammenbruch, der; (of engine, generator) Ausfall, der

    signal/engine failure — Ausfall des Signals/des Motors

    power failure — Stromausfall, der

    crop failure — Missernte, die

    5) (bankruptcy) Zusammenbruch, der
    * * *
    n.
    Ausfall -¨e m.
    Betriebsausfall m.
    Erfolglosigkeit f.
    Fehlschlag m.
    Misserfolg m.
    Versagen n.
    Versager - m.

    English-german dictionary > failure

  • 14 Russell, John Scott

    SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping
    [br]
    b. 9 May 1808 Parkhead, near Glasgow, Scotland
    d. 8 June 1882 Isle of Wight, England
    [br]
    Scottish engineer, naval architect and academic.
    [br]
    A son of the manse, Russell was originally destined for the Church and commenced studies at the University of St Andrews, but shortly afterwards he transferred to Glasgow, graduating MA in 1825 when only 17 years old. He began work as a teacher in Edinburgh, working up from a school to the Mechanics Institute and then in 1832 to the University, where he took over the classes in natural philosophy following the death of the professor. During this period he designed and advised on the application of steam power to road transport and to the Forth and Clyde Canal, thereby awakening his interest in ships and naval architecture.
    Russell presented papers to the British Association over several years, and one of them, The Wave Line Theory of Ship Form (although now superseded), had great influence on ship designers of the time and helped to establish the formal study of hydromechanics. With a name that was becoming well known, Russell looked around for better opportunities, and on narrowly missing appointment to the Chair of Mathematics at Edinburgh University he joined the upand-coming Clyde shipyard of Caird \& Co., Greenock, as Manager in 1838.
    Around 1844 Russell and his family moved to London; following some business problems he was in straitened circumstances. However, appointment as Secretary to the Committee setting up the Great Exhibition of 1851 eased his path into London's intellectual society and allowed him to take on tasks such as, in 1847, the purchase of Fairbairn's shipyard on the Isle of Dogs and the subsequent building there of I.K. Brunel's Great Eastern steamship. This unhappy undertaking was a millstone around the necks of Brunel and Russell and broke the health of the former. With the yard failing to secure the order for HMS Warrior, the Royal Navy's first ironclad, Russell pulled out of shipbuilding and for the remainder of his life was a designer, consultant and at times controversial, but at all times polished and urbane, member of many important committees and societies. He is remembered as one of the founders of the Institution of Naval Architects in 1860. His last task was to design a Swiss Lake steamer for Messrs Escher Wyss, a company that coincidentally had previously retained Sir William Fairbairn.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    FRS 1847.
    Bibliography
    John Scott Russell published many papers under the imprint of the British Association, the Royal Society of Arts and the Institution of Naval Architects. His most impressive work was the mammoth three-volume work on shipbuilding published in London in 1865 entitled The Modern System of Naval Architecture. Full details and plans of the Great Eastern are included.
    Further Reading
    G.S.Emmerson, 1977, John Scott Russell, a Great Victorian Engineer and Naval Architect, London: Murray
    FMW

    Biographical history of technology > Russell, John Scott

  • 15 come

    I 1. [kʌm] гл.; прош. вр. came; прич. прош. вр. come
    1) приходить, подходить; идти

    to come back — вернуться, возвратиться

    to come forward — выходить вперёд, выступать

    I think it's time to come back to the most important question: who is to pay for the new building? — Я думаю, пора вернуться к самому важному вопросу - кто оплатит строительство нового здания?

    We'd like to come back next year. — На следующий год мы бы хотели снова приехать сюда.

    He'll never come back to her. — Он никогда к ней не вернётся.

    Just then a bus came by so we got on and rode home. — Мимо как раз проезжал автобус, мы сели и доехали до дома.

    Move aside, please, the firemen want to come by. — Расступитесь, пожалуйста, пожарным нужно пройти.

    Godfather, come and see your boy. — Крёстный отец, подойдите же и посмотрите на своего мальчика.

    Mary came down the stairs. — Мэри спустилась по лестнице.

    The plane came down safely in spite of the mist. — Самолёт благополучно приземлился, несмотря на туман.

    Leave them alone and they'll come home, bringing their tails behind them. — Оставь их в покое и они вернутся с поджатыми хвостами.

    She comes and goes at her will. — Она приходит и уходит, когда ей заблагорассудится.

    A tall man came out from behind the screen. — Из-за перегородки вышел высокий мужчина.

    The family must come together for the parents' silver wedding. — На серебряную свадьбу родителей должна собраться вся семья.

    Syn:
    Ant:
    go 1., leave II
    2)
    а) приезжать, прибывать

    We have come many miles by train. — Мы приехали на поезде издалека.

    Syn:
    б) = come in / through прибывать (о поезде, пароходе)
    Syn:
    Ant:
    leave II
    3) ( come into) = come in входить

    The door opened and the children came into the room. — Открылась дверь, и в комнату вошли дети.

    "Come in!" called the director when he heard the knock at his door. — "Войдите!" - сказал директор, услышав стук в дверь.

    Syn:
    4) = come in поступать ( об информации)

    News of the death of the famous actress began coming in just as we were starting the broadcast. — К началу передачи пришло известие о смерти знаменитой актрисы.

    I haven't a lot of money coming in just now. — У меня сейчас не очень большие доходы.

    Syn:
    Ant:
    5)
    а) доходить, доставать, достигать

    The window came down to the ground. — Окно доходило до земли.

    б) доходить, долетать, доноситься

    A message came down to the boys that they were to be ready. — Мальчикам передали, чтобы они приготовились.

    The wind came off the ocean. — С океана дул ветер.

    A pleasant female voice came over the phone. — В трубке послышался приятный женский голос.

    Syn:
    reach I 2.
    6) = come out at равняться, составлять; простираться (до какого-л. предела, границы)

    The bill comes to 357 pounds. — Счёт составляет 357 фунтов.

    Overall costs come out at 5,709 dollars. — Общие издержки составят 5709 долларов.

    7) ( come to) = come down to сводиться (к чему-л.)

    His speech comes to this: the country is deeply in debt. — Вся его речь сводится к одному: страна увязла в долгах.

    When it all comes down, there isn't much in his story. — По большому счёту, в его истории нет ничего особенного.

    The whole matter comes down to a power struggle between the trade union and the directors. — Всё сводится к противостоянию профсоюза и совета директоров.

    Syn:
    8) приходить в соприкосновение с (чем-л.), вступать в связь с (чем-л.)

    to come into contact with smth. — дотрагиваться до чего-л.

    The carbines will come into play. — В игру вступят карабины.

    The boat came into collision with a steamer. — Лодка столкнулась с пароходом.

    9) переходить в другое состояние, фазу

    to come into blossom / flower — распускаться, раскрываться ( о цветке); зацвести ( о дереве)

    10) ( come to) приступать к (какому-л. делу), обращаться к (какому-л. вопросу)

    Now I come to the question which you asked. — Теперь я перехожу к вопросу, который вы задали.

    11) = come about / along случаться, происходить (с кем-л. / чем-л.)

    come what may — будь, что будет

    to have it coming to one — заслуживать того, что с ним случается ( о человеке)

    I'm sorry he got caught by the police, but after all, he had it coming (to him), didn't he? — Мне очень жаль, что его арестовали, но ведь он сам во всём виноват, не так ли?

    Don't know what will come of the boy if he keeps failing his examinations. — Не знаю, что станет с этим парнем, если он и дальше будет проваливаться на экзаменах.

    Peace can only come about if each side agrees to yield to the other. — Мир настанет только тогда, когда обе стороны пойдут на уступки.

    How did it come about that the man was dismissed? — Как так случилось, что его уволили?

    Trouble comes along when you least expect it. — Неприятности происходят именно тогда, когда их меньше всего ждёшь.

    Take every chance that comes along. — Пользуйся любой предоставляющейся возможностью.

    Syn:
    12) ( come to)
    а) приходить (в какое-л. состояние); достигать (каких-л. результатов)

    A compromise was come to. — Был достигнут компромисс.

    The boy has no character, he will never come to much. — У этого парня слабый характер, он ничего особенного не добьётся в жизни.

    I'm disappointed that my efforts have come to so little. — Я разочарован, что мои усилия принесли так мало результатов.

    б) = come down to опуститься (до чего-л.), докатиться

    He came down to selling matches on street corners. — Он докатился до того, что торгует спичками на улицах.

    13) делаться, становиться

    a dream that came true — мечта, ставшая явью

    14) предстоять, ожидаться

    (which is) to come — грядущий; будущий

    15) появляться, встречаться

    This word comes on page 200. — Это слово встречается на странице 200.

    16) = come up прорастать, всходить

    He sowed turnips, but none of them came. — Он посеял репу, но она не взошла.

    17) груб.; = come off кончить ( испытать оргазм)
    18) получаться, выходить

    He repainted the figure, but it wouldn't come well. — Он заново нарисовал фигуру, но она всё равно не получилась.

    No good could come of it. — Из этого не могло получиться ничего хорошего.

    19) = come in поставляться ( о товарах); поступать в продажу

    The car comes with or without the rear wing. — Машина поставляется в двух модификациях - с задним крылом и без заднего крыла.

    These shoes come with a 30 day guarantee. — Эти туфли продаются с гарантией на один месяц.

    The new crop of tobacco will be coming in soon. — Скоро в продаже появится новый урожай табака.

    As soon as the fresh vegetables come in, we put them on sale. — Как только к нам поступают свежие овощи, мы сразу выставляем их на продажу.

    20) разг.; = come along / on
    а) давай, двигай вперёд

    Come along, children, or we'll be late! — Поторапливайтесь, дети, а то опоздаем!

    Come along, Jane, you can do better than that. — Давай, Джейн, постарайся, ты же можешь сделать лучше.

    б) ври дальше; мели, Емеля, твоя неделя

    Oh, come along! I know better than that! — Кому вы рассказываете! Я лучше знаю.

    в) стой, погоди
    21) come + прич. наст. вр. (начать) делать что-л. ( указанное причастием)

    The fog came pouring in at every chink and keyhole. (Ch. Dickens, Christmas Carol, 1843) — Туман заползал в каждую щель, просачивался в каждую замочную скважину. (пер. Т. Озерской)

    22) come + инф. прийти к чему-л.; дойти до того, чтобы сделать что-л.

    to come to know smb. better — лучше узнать кого-л.

    to come to find out — случайно обнаружить, узнать

    23) = come next / on идти, следовать за (кем-л. / чем-л.)

    I can never remember which king came after which. — Никогда не мог запомнить, какой король шёл за каким.

    Mrs Brown was the first to arrive, and her daughter came next. — Первой приехала миссис Браун, затем - её дочь.

    I'll go ahead, and you come on later. — Сначала пойду я, потом ты.

    The military government refused to allow the people their right to vote, what came next was violence. — Военное правительство отказало людям в праве голосовать, и в результате начались беспорядки.

    My family comes first, and my work comes next. — На первом месте для меня семья, на втором - работа.

    Syn:
    24) ( come after) преследовать кого-л., гнаться за кем-л., искать кого-л., домогаться кого-л.

    I saw a big dog coming after me. — Я увидел, что за мной гонится огромная собака.

    25) ( come at) нападать, набрасываться на кого-л.

    He allegedly came at Jim with a knife. — Как утверждают, он напал на Джима с ножом.

    26) ( come at) получить доступ к чему-л., добраться до кого-л. / чего-л.; найти, обнаружить, установить (правду, причины, факты)

    Put the food where the cat can't come at it. — Положи еду туда, где её не достанет кошка.

    I wanted to reply to your letter in detail, but I can't come at it anywhere. — Я хотел подробно ответить на ваше письмо, но нигде не могу его найти.

    It is always difficult to come at the truth. — Всегда трудно докопаться до истины.

    27) ( come before) предшествовать чему-л.

    Did the invention of the telephone come before the end of the 19th century? — Телефон изобрели ещё до конца девятнадцатого века?

    28) ( come before) превосходить кого-л. рангом; быть более важным, чем что-л.

    Consideration of a fellow worker's health must come before my own professional pride. — Я должен прежде думать о здоровье коллеги и лишь потом о собственной профессиональной гордости.

    29) ( come before) представать (перед судом или какой-л. официальной организацией); рассматриваться ( в суде)

    When you come before the judge, you must speak the exact truth. — Когда ты говоришь в суде, ты должен говорить чистую правду.

    The witness of the accident did not come before the court. — Свидетель этого происшествия не предстал перед судом.

    Your suggestion came before the board of directors yesterday, but I haven't heard the result of their meeting. — Ваше предложение было рассмотрено советом директоров вчера, но я не знаю, каков был результат.

    Syn:
    30) ( come between) вмешиваться в чьи-л. дела, вставать между кем-л.; вызывать отчуждение, разделять

    Never come between husband and wife. — Никогда не вставай между мужем и женой.

    Ten years of separation have come between them. — Их разделяли десять лет разлуки.

    Syn:
    31) ( come between) мешать кому-л. в чём-л.

    I don't like people who come between me and my work. — Я не люблю людей, которые мешают мне работать.

    32) ( come by) доставать, приобретать, находить

    It is not easy to come by a high paying job. — Не так-то просто найти высокооплачиваемую работу.

    Syn:
    33) ( come by) (случайно) получать (царапину, травму)
    Syn:
    34) ( come for) заходить за кем-л. / чем-л.

    I've come for my parcel. — Я пришёл за своей посылкой.

    I'll come for you at 8 o'clock. — Я зайду за тобой в 8 часов.

    35) ( come for) бросаться на кого-л.

    The guard dog came for me. — Сторожевая собака бросилась ко мне.

    36) (come from / of) происходить, иметь происхождение

    These words come from Latin. — Эти слова латинского происхождения.

    I came from a race of fishers. — Я из рыбацкого рода.

    He comes from a long line of singers. — Он происходит из старинного рода певцов.

    A butterfly comes from a chrysalis. — Бабочка появляется из куколки.

    She comes of a good family. — Она происходит из хорошей семьи.

    37) (come from / of) = come out from, come out of проистекать из чего-л., получаться в результате чего-л.; появляться (откуда-л.)

    Danger comes from unexpected places. — Опасность появляется оттуда, откуда не ожидаешь.

    I don't know what will come of your actions. — Не знаю, к чему приведут ваши действия.

    Syn:
    38) = come in
    а) прибывать (на работу, в учреждение), поступать ( в больницу)
    б) ( come into) вступать ( в должность), приступать ( к новым обязанностям)
    39)
    а) ( come to) = come down доставаться, переходить по наследству

    This painting belongs to us. It came through my mother. — Эта картина принадлежит нам. Она досталась мне от матери.

    The house came to me after my father's death. — Этот дом перешёл ко мне после смерти отца.

    This ring has come down in my family for two centuries. — Это кольцо передаётся в нашей семье по наследству уже два века.

    б) ( come into) получать в наследство, наследовать

    Charles came into a fortune when his father died. — Когда отец умер, Чарлз получил состояние.

    Syn:
    40) ( come into) присоединяться, вступать ( в организацию)

    Several new members have come into the club since Christmas. — С Рождества в клуб приняли несколько новых членов.

    41) ( come near) разг. быть на грани чего-л.; чуть не сделать что-л.

    The boy came near (to) falling off the high wall. — Мальчик едва не свалился с высокой стены.

    42) ( come on) снять трубку, ответить ( по телефону)

    One of the most powerful men in France came on the line. — В трубке раздался голос одного из самых влиятельных людей во Франции.

    43) (come over / (up)on) охватывать (кого-л.)

    Fear came upon him as he entered the empty house. — Когда он зашёл в пустой дом, его охватил страх.

    44) ( come through) проникать, просачиваться; пролезать, просовываться

    The first light came through the open window. — Первые лучи солнца проникли через открытое окно.

    45) ( come through) перенести, пережить (что-л. неприятное или тяжёлое); пройти через что-л.

    Bill came through his operation as cheerful as ever. — Билл перенёс операцию как обычно бодро.

    All my family came through the war. — Вся моя семья пережила войну.

    46) ( come through) = come out появляться (из-за туч; о солнце, луне, лучах)

    The sun came through the clouds for a while. — Солнце ненадолго выглянуло из-за туч.

    There was a wisp of sun coming through the mist. — Сквозь туман пробивался солнечный луч.

    47) (come across / to) приходить на ум; становиться известным (кому-л.)

    to come to smb.'s attention / notice — доходить до кого-л., становиться известным кому-л.

    It came to my knowledge that... — Я узнал, что…

    After ruminating about it for a period of time, suddenly it came to me how it could be done. — После долгих размышлений меня осенило, как можно это сделать.

    The thought came across my mind that I had met him before. — Тут мне показалось, что я видел его раньше.

    48) ( come under) подчиняться, находиться в ведении (какой-л. организации)

    This area comes under the powers of the local court. — Эта сфера подпадает под юрисдикцию местного суда.

    49) (come under / within) относиться (к чему-л.), попадать (в какой-л. раздел, категорию)

    all the paperwork that comes under the general heading of insurance — вся канцелярская работа, связанная со страхованием

    50) ( come under) подвергаться (нападению, критике, давлению)

    The town came under attack again last night. — Прошлой ночью на город снова напали.

    He came unber biting criticism at the last meeting. — На последнем собрании он подвергся жестокой критике.

    51) (come across / upon) натолкнуться на (что-л.), неожиданно найти (что-л.), случайно встретить (кого-л.)

    I came across this old photograph in the back of the drawer. — Я случайно обнаружил эту старую фотографию на дне секретера.

    A very interesting book has come across my desk. — На моём столе случайно оказалась очень интересная книга.

    Syn:
    а) нападать, атаковать

    The enemy came upon the town by night. — Враг атаковал город ночью.

    б) налетать, обрушиваться (на кого-л. / что-л.)

    The wind with lightening and thunder came on them. — На них налетел ветер с громом и молнией.

    •
    ••

    light come light go — что досталось легко, быстро исчезает

    Come again? — разг. Что ты сказал?

    to come into being / existence — возникать

    to come into season — созревать, появляться в продаже

    to come into service / use — входить в употребление

    to come into sight / view — появляться, показываться

    to come to oneself — прийти в себя; взять себя в руки

    to come to a dead end — разг. зайти в тупик

    to come to one's feet — вскочить, подняться

    not to know whether / if one is coming or going — растеряться, чувствовать себя потерянным; не знать, на каком ты свете

    I'm so upset I don't know whether I'm coming or going. — Я так расстроен, что уж и не знаю, что делать.

    - come close
    - come easy
    - come natural
    - come it too strong
    - come of age
    - come one's ways
    - come one's way
    - come clean
    - come short of smth.
    - come home
    - come to a head
    - come to hand
    - come day go day     2. [kʌm] предл.; разг.
    с наступлением, с приходом ( момента)

    ... but come summer, the beaches would be lined with rows of tents. —... но когда наступит лето, на пляжах появится множество навесов.

    II [kʌm] = cum II

    Англо-русский современный словарь > come

См. также в других словарях:

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